Keyboard

Keyboard provides an api for managing a virtual keyboard. The high level api is Keyboard#type, which takes raw characters and generates proper keydown, keypress/input, and keyup events on your page.

For finer control, you can use Keyboard#down, Keyboard#up, and Keyboard#insert_text to manually fire events as if they were generated from a real keyboard.

An example of holding down Shift in order to select and delete some text:

page.keyboard.type("Hello World!")
page.keyboard.press("ArrowLeft")
page.keyboard.down("Shift")
6.times { page.keyboard.press("ArrowLeft") }
page.keyboard.up("Shift")
page.keyboard.press("Backspace")
# result text will end up saying "Hello!"

An example of pressing uppercase A

page.keyboard.press("Shift+KeyA")
# or
page.keyboard.press("Shift+A")

An example to trigger select-all with the keyboard

# on windows and linux
page.keyboard.press("Control+A")
# on mac_os
page.keyboard.press("Meta+A")

down

def down(key)

Dispatches a keydown event.

key can specify the intended keyboardEvent.key value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the key values can be found here. Examples of the keys are:

F1 - F12, Digit0- Digit9, KeyA- KeyZ, Backquote, Minus, Equal, Backslash, Backspace, Tab, Delete, Escape, ArrowDown, End, Enter, Home, Insert, PageDown, PageUp, ArrowRight, ArrowUp, etc.

Following modification shortcuts are also supported: Shift, Control, Alt, Meta, ShiftLeft.

Holding down Shift will type the text that corresponds to the key in the upper case.

If key is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values a and A will generate different respective texts.

If key is a modifier key, Shift, Meta, Control, or Alt, subsequent key presses will be sent with that modifier active. To release the modifier key, use Keyboard#up.

After the key is pressed once, subsequent calls to Keyboard#down will have repeat set to true. To release the key, use Keyboard#up.

NOTE: Modifier keys DO influence keyboard.down. Holding down Shift will type the text in upper case.

insert_text

def insert_text(text)

Dispatches only input event, does not emit the keydown, keyup or keypress events.

page.keyboard.insert_text("嗨")

NOTE: Modifier keys DO NOT effect keyboard.insertText. Holding down Shift will not type the text in upper case.

press

def press(key, delay: nil)

key can specify the intended keyboardEvent.key value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the key values can be found here. Examples of the keys are:

F1 - F12, Digit0- Digit9, KeyA- KeyZ, Backquote, Minus, Equal, Backslash, Backspace, Tab, Delete, Escape, ArrowDown, End, Enter, Home, Insert, PageDown, PageUp, ArrowRight, ArrowUp, etc.

Following modification shortcuts are also supported: Shift, Control, Alt, Meta, ShiftLeft.

Holding down Shift will type the text that corresponds to the key in the upper case.

If key is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values a and A will generate different respective texts.

Shortcuts such as key: "Control+o" or key: "Control+Shift+T" are supported as well. When specified with the modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.

page.goto("https://keycode.info")
page.keyboard.press("a")
page.screenshot(path: "a.png")
page.keyboard.press("ArrowLeft")
page.screenshot(path: "arrow_left.png")
page.keyboard.press("Shift+O")
page.screenshot(path: "o.png")

Shortcut for Keyboard#down and Keyboard#up.

type

def type(text, delay: nil)

Sends a keydown, keypress/input, and keyup event for each character in the text.

To press a special key, like Control or ArrowDown, use Keyboard#press.

page.keyboard.type("Hello") # types instantly
page.keyboard.type("World", delay: 100) # types slower, like a user

NOTE: Modifier keys DO NOT effect keyboard.type. Holding down Shift will not type the text in upper case. NOTE: For characters that are not on a US keyboard, only an input event will be sent.

up

def up(key)

Dispatches a keyup event.